"The Queen's Wake" is one of the landmarks of British Romantic poetry. It focuses on the return of Mary, Queen of Scots to Scotland in 1561 to take personal rule of her kingdom after her years in France. In the poem poets and bards hold a poetic competition (a "wake") in Holyrood Palace to welcome the Queen home. In the descriptions of the songs and the people who sing them various Scottish poets of Hogg's own period can be recognized, giving the reader a sense of the condition of poetry in Hogg's Scotland. Another key concern of the poem is the state of Scotland in 1561 - a crucial period in Scottish history, coming a year after the legislation was passed that brought in the Scottish Reformation. The text looks back to the pre-1560 world of Catholic Scotland and explores the tensions between that old world and an emerging modernity. When "The Queen's Wake" was published in 1813 it proved an unexpected popular success, placing Hogg for a while alongside Byron and Scott as one of the most admired British poets of that time. Over the next six years Hogg was encouraged by major players in the Edinburgh book trade to make substantial revisions, to make the poem even more attractive and saleable. The fifth edition (1819) is an enhanced and carefully polished version from the now established and respected poet. It is markedly different from the edgy, powerful and unsettling first version, which was the work of an impecunious and marginalized outsider. Thus the poem exists in significantly different authorial versions, each reflecting Hogg's circumstances at the time. A consensus has emerged that in cases of this kind the modern reader is best served by having access to editions of both versions. The Stirling/ South Carolina Research Edition of "The Queen's Wake" therefore presents both the first and fifth edition of the poem.